Convention and design pattern implementation

It's that great time of year when we, at my place of work, submit reviews for one another. This year I got some really useful feedback that was both positive and constructive. With that I want to work on it and ensure I'm really fulfilling that.

The feedback that I need to work on is becoming aware and utilising, conventions and design patterns.

I currently use a couple of patterns and have a good knowledge of implementing code but obviously there is something I'm missing.

My question would be, how do you find and come to use conventions and design patterns consistently in your code?