How can I understand requirements clearly In a project/module from product side ?

When I am working on a project I will miss lot of requirements in planning phase it will effect me at developing phase as I will not consider those requirements in sprint planning. Suddenly those will come into the picture and create a mess and disturb my timelines can anyone tell me how to deal with requirements and how to think and write for acceptance criteria’s and what can I do to make my self clear on requirements, epics, stories and tasks ? Any suggestions to deal with it !