Case Management Software

Hi all. Needing someone to point me in the right direction.

My current workplace has no system for keeping track of ongoing work/cases. Basically the boss just keeps a spreadsheet of who has what, and a physical file appears on your desk. Every individual runs their own spreadsheet/word document to keep a log of what they are doing with the case etc.

I’m hoping to look into building a possible solution. Ideally looking to standardise everything and have it all in one place that’s accessible to all.

Any suggestions on where to start?