Process for software development?

Hi everyone,

I have dabbled in a bit of programming over the last 5 years or so, focussing mostly on iOS using swift, but also some Python, PHP, JS, etc. I am getting very close to releasing my first (simple) iOS app for user testing – yay.

My day job is financial modelling – making bespoke cost models for engineering projects mostly, so there's some overlap there too.

My question that I come to you gurus with is, is there a single agreed on process for software development? A kind of life cycle? Or if not a single process, what processes are there? and how do you choose one?

I am thinking along the lines of, Requirements capture -> prototype -> test -> release -> Maintain.

But this feels too broad to be useful as process. For example, how do I go form requirements capture to then outlining what my classes will be, and modules, and how they link, and what the UI will be like… etc etc.

Hopefully these ramblings make sense to you!

Thanks